Molekulární mechanismy transkripčních procesů ncRNA
| Title in English | Molecular mechanisms of ncRNA transcription processes |
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| Year of publication | 2013 |
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| Description | Recently 2nd generation sequenators helped to discover that 90% of genomic DNA is transcribed into RNA from which protein coding RNA account for about 1-2% while the rest is so ncRNA. This could answer the question asked by molecular biologists in 21. century: „What is the purpose of nonsense non-coding genomic DNA?" Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is transcribed much less in comparison to messenger RNA (mRNA) and has rather regulatory function. ncRNAs can be devided to infrastructural ncRNA and regulatory ncRNA. Among infrastructural ncRNA belongs ribosomal (rRNAs), transfer (tRNA), small nucluar RNA (snRNA) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNAs). Among regulatory ncRNA belongs microRNA (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNAs), small interfering RNA (siRNAs) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs). In addation to these there have been discovered also promoter-associated RNA (PARs) and enhancer RNA (eRNAs). It's showing ncRNA is directly involved RNA-RNA, RNA-DNA a RNA-protein interactions and has the infulenc on messenger RNA transcription, stability, splicing and translation. It also influences alternative splicing and epigenetic status. ncRNA is present in CNS where it palys role in regulation of neuronal activity, neurogenesis, neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. ncRNAs have important role in psychological disease pathogenesis such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer disease, affective disorders, addiction, etc. |
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