Plasma thiamine levels are decreased in gestational diabetes mellitus
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| Year of publication | 2013 |
| Type | Conference abstract |
| Citation | |
| Description | Aims: Thiamine (vitamin B1) is involved in regulation of glucose metabolism. Thiamine which serves as a cofactor for transketolase is delivered to the cell via specific thiamine transporters 1 (THTR1 encoded by the gene SLC19A2) and 2 (THTR2 encoded by SLC19A3). Within the cell thiamine is activated by enzyme thiamine pyrophosphokinase (TPK1). Experimental evidence shows thiamine disturbances in diabetes potentially involved in the development and progression of diabetic microvascular complications. Similar abnormalities may also play a role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its subsequent outcome for the mother and child. We aimed to determine plasma thiamine levels in pregnant women with and without GDM. Furthermore, we analysed variability in the genes SLC19A2, SLC19A3 and TPK1 in relation to plasma thiamine. Methods: A total of 100 pregnant women were included in the study. Of those 65 had GDM, 35 had physiologic pregnancy. Samples of peripheral blood were taken from each participant between 24th and 28th week of pregnancy and6 weeks postpartum. Plasma thiamine levels were determined using HPLC. We investigated 9 SNPs: 3 in the SLC19A2 (rs1983546, rs7522245, rs6656822), 3 in the SLC19A3 (rs13025803, rs4973216, rs7567984) and 3 in the TPK1 (rs4726711, rs34724570 and rs1625341). Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR. Software PHASE was used to estimate population haplotype frequencies. Results: Thiamine levels were lower in pregnancy compared to postpartum within both GDM and physiologic pregnancy group (P=0.0002 and 0.02, Wilcoxon paired test). Mid trimester thiamine levels were significantly lower in GDM group (P=0.02, Mann-Whitney) and normalised postpartum (P=NS). We did not find any correlation between plasma thiamine and biochemical, anthropometric and perinatal parameters (such as oGTT values, HbA1c, blood pressure, pre-gestational BMI or macrosomia) (P > 0.05, Spearman), however, significant positive correlation between mid-trimester thiamine level and total weight increase during pregnancy (r=0.3, P=0.02, Spearman) was identified. No genotype-phenotype relationship between any SNP and plasma thiamine was found (P>0.05, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA). Conclusions: GDM is associated with significant thiamine deficiency (whether GDM-induced or GDM-inducing remains to be investigated). Possible consequences of thiamine abnormalities for the later risk of diabetes is a subjects of ongoing study. |
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