Možnosti terapeutického ovlivění bakterie Staphylococcus aureus pomocí bakteriofága JK2
| Title in English | Possibilities of therapeutic influence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by bacteriophage JK2 |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2023 |
| Type | Conference abstract |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Description | Staphyloccocus aureus is a common opportunistic pathogen in the human microbiota with multiple virulence factors. It is clinically relevant especially in infections of post-traumatic, post-operative and otherwise immunocompromised patients in healthcare settings. The infection is pyogenic in nature with a tendency to abscess formation; and in more severe cases, sepsis or toxic shock syndrome (TSS) may occur. Therapy is complicated by an increase in antibiotic resistance, the typical case being methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and the less prevalent, vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). In 2019, S. aureus accounted for 26% of deaths due to antimicrobial resistance in developed countries. MRSA alone was directly responsible for more than 100,000 deaths globally in the same year. The rise and spread of resistant strains, coupled with sporadic innovation in new antibiotics, has led to the need to consider alternative therapies. The application of bacteriophages, viruses attacking bacteria whose use has been preserved, through the advent of penicillin, particularly in Poland, Georgia and Russia. They are also becoming used to a limited extent in the USA. The main advantages over antibiotics include bactericidal character, high specificity and replication capacity. Our bacteriophage JK2 (812K1/420), belonging to the family Myoviridae, genus Kayvirus, replicates through a lytic cycle. The virion is composed of an icosahedral capsid containing a 138 kb long linear dsDNA, a contractile tail and a host-specific double-layered basal plate. The S. aureus strains used in this study were isolated in 2021 from wound samples of FNUSA patients, totaling 160. These strains along with phage JK2 were cultured in microtiter plates for 20 hours, and the absorbance was measured over time, the change in which corresponded to bacterial growth or lysis. Based on the absorbance curves, the strains were classified into three groups: sensitive, resistant and transiently sensitive, which were initially sensitive to the phage but acquired resistance within hours and cultured successfully. The cause of the transient sensitivity was hypothesized. Supported by the programme project of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic with reg. no. NU21J-05-00035. |
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