Význam aberantní metylace DNA pro diagnostiku a terapii nádorových onemocnění]

Investor logo

Warning

This publication doesn't include Institute of Computer Science. It includes Faculty of Medicine. Official publication website can be found on muni.cz.
Title in English Significance of aberrant DNA methylation for cancer diagnostics and therapy
Authors

URBAN Tomáš POKORNÁ Petra SLABÝ Ondřej

Year of publication 2024
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Klinická onkologie
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Medicine

Citation
web https://www.linkos.cz/files/klinicka-onkologie/531/6312.pdf
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccko202488
Keywords precision medicine; DNA methylation; Epigenetics
Description Background: Epigenetics is a scientific field that covers changes in gene expression that are not caused by the alteration of the nucleotide sequence in the DNA strand. Together with sequential changes, epigenetic reprogramming is a recognized cancer hallmark driving carcinogenesis. The underlying mechanisms of epigenetically-driven gene expression changes are diverse. However, one of the most extensively studied mechanisms is a change in DNA methylation. Under physiological conditions, DNA methylation ensures tissue-specific gene silencing and helps to maintain genome stability. With malignant transformation, genomic DNA undergoes global hypomethylation as well as locus-specific hypermethylation in promoters of tumor suppressor genes. In the last few decades, specific aberrant DNA methylation changes have emerged as both cancer-associated biomarkers and therapeutic targets and prompted ongoing efforts to enhance both diagnostic and therapeutic means in oncology. Purpose: The main purpose of this review is to introduce both established and emerging DNA methylation-based biomarkers for cancer diagnostics with a focus on biomarkers that are either routinely used or have been developed as commercial tests with certification for their use within in vitro diagnostics. Furthermore, therapeutic options for targeting aberrant DNA methylation are described, including both approved compounds and newly developed agents undergoing clinical investigation.
Related projects:

You are running an old browser version. We recommend updating your browser to its latest version.

More info